The most
common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia
nervosa. In both these conditions, people rely on control
of their food and eating as a way of coping with emotional
difficulties. It's important to remember that people with
eating disorders often have a normal bodyweight, and the condition
can go unnoticed for a long time.
People
with anorexia nervosa (or just 'anorexia')
don't eat enough. They think their problems are caused by
how they look, and believe they are fat even though other
people can see that they're not. Sometimes they exercise obsessively,
or use vomiting and laxatives to reduce their weight. Their
mood can get very low, and in women, menstrual cycles can
be affected. As well as general lack of nourishment,
a range of specific health problems can follow, including
poor circulation, brittle bones and hair loss and even kidney
disease.
Bulimia nervosa (or just 'bulimia') is actually more
common than anorexia. In bulimia, people often have an obsession
with weight and shape, and they tend to binge. This is followed
by panic, which means that people then go on to starve themselves,
make themselves sick, take laxatives or over-exercise. Physical
problems like tooth decay, constipation and damage to the
intestines can follow.
Some people
with anorexia or bulimia make elaborate meals for other people,
but avoid eating in company. They can also become obsessive
about the content of foods, and rush to the loo after a meal.
Anorexia
and bulimia are serious conditions, but with the right help
and support - often from family and friends as well as professionals
- people can address the underlying issues and get back to
a more balanced relationship with their bodies and with food.
It's estimated
that up to 1% of women aged 15-30 suffer from anorexia, 2%
from buliminia and up to 15% have some form of 'binge eating'.
A much smaller, but growing, number of men and boys are also
affected.